那提西银行-法国-宏观经济-法国不平等的恶性循环-20180131-6页

FlashEconomics31January2018-119PatrickArtusTel.(331)58551500patrick.artus@natixis.com@PatrickArtuswww.research.natixis.comTheviciouscircleofinequalitiesinFrancePrimaryincomeinequalities(beforeredistributivepolicies)arehighinFrance,ashighasintheUnitedStatesandtheUnitedKingdom.ThisisexplainedbythehighunemploymentlevelinFrance,thelowemployabilityofthelow-skilledandtheweaklabourforceskills,andnotbytheweightofhigh-incomeindividualsinnationalincome(asisthecaseintheUnitedStates).GiventhesehighprimaryincomeinequalitiesinFrance,powerfulredistributivepolicieshavebeenimplemented(inparticular,averyhighlevelofwelfaretransfers).Asaresult,incomeinequalitiesafterredistributionarelowinFrance,farlowerthanintheUnitedStatesandtheUnitedKingdom.ButfinancingredistributivepoliciesrequiresahightaxburdeninFrance,whichcreatesnegativedistor